What were the criticisms of phrenology?
Frequently Asked Question about the extinct profession: Phrenologist
Phrenology faced significant criticism for its lack of scientific rigor and reliance on anecdotal evidence. Critics argued that it oversimplified complex human behaviors and traits by attributing them to skull shape. Additionally, it was often used to justify racial and social prejudices, leading to ethical concerns. The field ultimately fell out of favor as neuroscience advanced.